Evidence-informed health library

Understand your cycle

Explore 25 plain-language guides to periods, follicular and luteal phases, hormones, ovulation, fertility signs, symptoms, and changing cycles across life.

Educational, not diagnostic. Period Circle explains established health concepts and uncertainty. It does not provide medical advice, contraception, or confirmation of ovulation.
Cycle basics · 6 min

The menstrual cycle, explained

A practical guide to cycle days, changing hormones, bleeding, ovulation, and why a “normal” cycle is a range—not one perfect number.

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Cycle basics · 4 min

What happens during the menstrual phase?

Why bleeding starts, what the uterus is shedding, and which changes are useful to log.

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Cycle basics · 5 min

The follicular phase: follicles, estrogen, and timing

How the first half of the ovarian cycle prepares an egg and why its length often drives cycle variation.

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Ovulation · 5 min

Ovulation: what actually happens

The hormone surge, egg release, fertile timing, and the difference between predicting and confirming ovulation.

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Cycle basics · 5 min

The luteal phase: progesterone after ovulation

What the corpus luteum does, how progesterone affects the uterus and temperature, and how the phase ends.

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Cycle basics · 7 min

Your cycle hormones: FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone

A plain-language map of the four hormones most often discussed in cycle tracking.

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Ovulation · 5 min

Understanding the fertile window

Why fertility spans several days, how apps estimate that window, and why uncertainty matters.

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Ovulation · 6 min

How ovulation calculations work—and where they fail

A transparent look at period predictions, averages, ranges, and why “cycle day 14” is not a universal ovulation date.

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Ovulation · 5 min

Cervical mucus across the cycle

How discharge may change near ovulation and what infections, medications, and semen can make harder to interpret.

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Ovulation · 6 min

Basal body temperature tracking

How to take waking temperature consistently, recognize a pattern, and avoid reading too much into one measurement.

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Ovulation · 6 min

LH tests and ovulation predictor kits

What a positive urine test means, when ovulation may follow, and why an LH surge is not a guarantee.

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Symptoms & care · 6 min

Irregular cycles: patterns, causes, and tracking

What “irregular” can mean, common reasons timing changes, and which details help at a medical visit.

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Symptoms & care · 5 min

Period cramps: common does not mean untreatable

Why cramps happen, what to log, and signs that pain needs a clinician’s attention.

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Symptoms & care · 6 min

Heavy periods and abnormal bleeding

Practical signs of heavy bleeding, why it matters, and when to seek urgent versus routine care.

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Symptoms & care · 7 min

PMS and PMDD: timing is part of the diagnosis

How premenstrual symptoms differ from PMDD and why daily tracking across cycles can clarify the pattern.

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Symptoms & care · 7 min

PCOS and menstrual cycles

Why PCOS may affect ovulation and cycle timing, what tracking can reveal, and why diagnosis needs clinical evaluation.

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Symptoms & care · 7 min

Endometriosis: symptoms beyond “bad cramps”

Common patterns, why symptom severity varies, and how a cycle diary can prepare you for care.

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Symptoms & care · 5 min

A missed period: pregnancy and other possibilities

What a late prediction means, when to test for pregnancy, and why periods may stop for other reasons.

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Life stages · 5 min

First periods and cycle tracking for teens

What can be expected in the first years after menarche and how to track without expecting instant regularity.

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Life stages · 6 min

Periods after pregnancy and while breastfeeding

Why cycle return varies, why ovulation can precede the first period, and which postpartum bleeding signs are urgent.

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Life stages · 6 min

Cycle changes during perimenopause

Why timing and flow can change in the menopause transition and why new bleeding patterns still deserve assessment.

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Ovulation · 6 min

Cycle tracking is not the same as contraception

The important difference between an app prediction, a fertility awareness-based method, and proven contraceptive options.

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Ovulation · 6 min

Tracking while trying to conceive

How cycle dates and ovulation signs can support timing without turning uncertainty into false precision.

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Cycle basics · 5 min

Cycle tracking and health-data privacy

Questions to ask about accounts, cloud sync, exports, deletion, device security, and advertising.

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Symptoms & care · 6 min

When period or pelvic symptoms need medical care

A calm, practical guide to routine appointments, prompt advice, and emergency warning signs.

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